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Can you proof read my essay and tell me what you think and if theres any punctuation i need to correct? The Effects of a Mindfulness Manipulation on Adolescent Smoking
Isn’t smoking great? It’s not like cigarettes kill so many people a year and it’s not like
“second hand smoke” even harms non-smokers. Right, Wrong Smoking can cause trouble, Tobacco smoke is a human killer, and even if you don’t smoke you can be in harm.
Evidence suggests that smoking cigarettes increases the likelihood of suffering from heart disease, emphysema, lung cancer, high blood pressure, and premature aging. The smoker is also at risk of many short-term health consequences such as chronic cough, yellow teeth, and unpleasant breath. The American Cancer Society estimates that cigarettes are responsible for about 431,000 deaths in the United States each year. Lung cancer accounts for about 30 percent of all cancer deaths in the United States, and smoking accounts for nearly 90 percent of lung cancer deaths. The smoking habit and addiction to nicotine usually begin at an early age. In the United States, more than 70 percent of adults who smoke began smoking before the age of 18. This fact has led to particular concern over smoking in teenagers and young adults.
Tobacco industries direct 90% of recommendation their cigarette advertisements toward today's youth, hoping to hook another young adolescent into their money making scheme. Onset of smoking in guyren occurs at an early age due to a number of factors that include pro-social smoking advertisements, peer and even parents in certain circumstances. Primary prevention techniques that attempt to stop the behavior before it starts are effective because guyren are still young enough to be molded and influenced accordingly by the proper role-models.
Preventative measures, such as informational campaigns are ineffective because they are unrealistic and fail to emphasize on the here and now. These measures focus on the future health risks that may occur 20 or 30 years down the line, which is much to long for a twelve-year-old to concern himself about. Adolescents also believe that they are invincible and therefore not subject to the health risks of all other smokers. For a young adolescent, life is still novel and carefree. The health risks of smoking are not part of a twelve-year-olds mindset-at least not until he or she is grandpa's age.
A common habit difficult to resist when tempted. Fear manipulations lack preventative power because many of the health risks of smoking are long term, for a young teenager-what out of sight is out of mind. Fear manipulations are unrealistic simply because of the waiting period before the onset of disease.
Early teens spend most of their time with peers, rather than parents. Mom and Dad play more of a secondary role during the teen years. It makes sense that young teens are easily persuaded by their peer group simply because the greater part of the day is spent interacting with them. Parents do not become the active roll model until dinner time for a few hours until lights out. If a youngster believes that smoking is common and normal, he or she may say if everyone else does it, so will I.
Approximately 7 million tons of commercial tobaccos are grown each year, with a value of $39 billion. Leading tobacco-growing countries are China, the United States, India, Brazil, Turkey, and Zimbabwe. Tobacco is an economically important crop for many nations—about 2 million tons of unmanufactured tobacco leaves, at a value of about $6,500 per ton, are exported each year worldwide. Brazil leads in exports, with about 15 percent of the total, followed closely by the United States, with about 11 percent of the total. The United States exports the most cigarettes and other manufactured tobacco products. Of the approximately 635 billion cigarettes made in the United States in 1999, about one-fourth were exported.
Despite all this there may still be faith for some who want to quit. Studies of ex-smokers show that their risk of dying from smoking-related disease decreases with each year of abstinence. Smokers who quit before the age of 50 reduce their risk of life-threatening disease by half compared with those who continue smoking. Since the surgeon general’s report in 1964, the proportion of males who smoke has decreased from more than 50 percent to about 28 percent while the percentage of women who smoke has fallen from about 34 percent to 23 percent. Today, about 44 million Americans have quit smoking cigarettes.
The question to be addressed is what can be done to motivate healthy behavior. Hypocrisy manipulations have been used in the past to decrease the frequency of unwanted behaviors. Hypocrisy manipulations promote behavior change because they motivate a person to think about their inconsistencies.
In light of the disease risks associated with tobacco products and their associated high health-care costs, many individuals and health organizations have lobbied for public policy changes that would change the way tobacco products are regulated, manufactured, marketed, and sold in the United States. In November 1998 the tobacco industry and the attorneys general of 46 states, along with representatives of the public health field and lawyers representing smokers, announced an agreement that bans outdoor cigarette advertising and the use of cartoon characters in advertising, a practice that may attract young people to smoking. The agreement also requires tobacco companies to pay $206 billion during the next 25 years to fund antismoking public education programs, smoking cessation programs, tobacco-related medical research, and reimbursement to states for some of the health-care costs associated with treating smokers.
Last but not least finally, in late 1999 Philip Morris, the nation’s largest cigarette maker, publicly acknowledged that smoking is addictive and causes serious health problems. | | ''Tobacco industries direct 90% of recommendation their cigarette advertisements toward today's youth,'' This doesn't really make alot of sense, and ''Last but not least finally,'' should say ''Last but not least, finally''. (I moved the comma) Other than that this essay is really good!!! | When visiting Brazil, I was a guest of a devout Catholic family, but? the women were practically naked all the time - the tiniest of bikinis, the skimpiest of dresses, skirts and tops, braless (and beautiful)- the young daughters, the teen daughters, the mom... on the beach and around the home, at the restaurant and around town at night. How come American Christian women find this so offensive, and they found it normal? | Because Americans are, quite simply, prudes. Go to a Scandinavian country and you'll see us sitting around on beaches topless. (My family is originally from Norway) I had one very embarrassing moment when we first immigrated when I discovered it is very NOT appropriate to sit on the beach topless in the US. I think the menfolk at that particular beach were a little disappointed when I was told by the Ranger dudes to "cover up" (and my English wasn't so good so it took me a while to understand), but they got over it. I was also very popular the rest of the day. Imagine that.
I've never understood the whole "violence is ok but boobehs are not" thing going on in the US. What's the big deal about nudity? Were US people born fully clothed or something? I know we're not in Norway. (Or Sweden. Or Denmark. Or Finland. Or....) | Adriana Lima. Ford Supermodels? Does anyone know where i can find pictures of when Adriana started modeling in her young teens (i dont mean searching in google or yahoo because nothing comes up to what i am looking for) or when she participated in ford Super Models of Brazil.
I am doing a school project on idols and i wanted to have pictures of when she first started her career and the contest.
thank you :) | | You should go to ask.com or yahoo.com and type in Adriana Lima photos or modeling porfolio. Something should come up then ! | Would/Do you wear a purity ring ? Teen star Miley Cyrus wears one, so does "American Idol" winner Jordin Sparks and the members of the hit boy band The Jonas Brothers.
But it took the ridicule of a British comedian at a music awards show to highlight the entry of purity rings into the old equation of sex, drugs and rock'n'roll -- minus the drugs.
Purity rings, also known as chastity or promise rings, are worn by tens of thousands of young American teens who have pledged to remain virgins until marriage.
Originating in the United States in the 1990s among Christian groups, the rings are embossed with words like "True Love Waits" or "One Life One Love" and are worn by both sexes.
The concept has increasingly entered the world of pop rock music that once was the dominion of teen rebellion, and that fact perplexed Russell Brand, the anarchic host of the MTV Music Video Awards show in Los Angeles.
"It is a little bit ungrateful because (the Jonas Brothers) could literally have sex with any woman they want, but they're just not going to do it!," Brand told the audience. "That's like Superman just deciding not to fly, but to go home on a bus."
Sparks, 18, stood up for teen heartthrobs Kevin Jonas, 20, and his brothers Joe, 19 and Nick, 16, telling a cheering audience of rock stars. "I just wanna say, it's not bad to wear a promise ring because not every guy and a girl wants to be a slut, OK?"
Denny Pattyn, an evangelical pastor who founded the Silver Ring Thing 12 years ago, says celebrities can both help and hurt his group's quest to create a cultural shift in America where premarital abstinence becomes the rule rather than the exception.
Britney Spears once wore one and so did singer Jessica Simpson, who said she kept her pledge before her brief 2002 marriage to Nick Lachey.
"The Jonas Brothers, Jordin Sparks, Miley Cyrus -- they are doing a great job so far," Pattyn told Reuters.
Disney actresses Selina Gomez, 16, and Demi Lovato, 16, also wear purity rings.
"But when a celebrity has maybe put the ring on without the right education and inspiration and then they go out and do something crazy, then it's a reflection on us."
Pattyn said that wearing a ring is a constant reminder to stick with the promise.
"It is a commitment, like a wedding ring. It is more likely to work," he said.
The Silver Ring Thing, which runs high energy music stage shows encouraging 12-18 year-olds to take an abstinence pledge, is expanding its U.S. programs to South Africa, Brazil, Britain and Romania to meet public demand there.
Critics applaud the principle but say the problems arise when young Americans grow up, and are often ignorant of how to manage contraception and sexual health when they do decide to have sex.
"It is probably a nice thing that we have celebrities who are trying to be role models and model healthy behaviors," said Michael Reece, director of the Center for Sexual Health Promotion at Indiana University.
"But these abstinence pledges leave people completely unprepared, once they make the decision to become sexually active, and what happens is that we have a society that is sexually illiterate," Reece told Reuters.
| | its a bit late for me to be wearing one =) | Teen mom very confused on life need advice? im 17 years old my beautiful daughter is 20 months old i have been going through alot of problems and seems everytime i try to do the right thing it never goes right. I love my daughter she is all i have. All my family is in Brasil they all moved back and i decieded to stay with her father i was young and foolish and now understand. He started to put his hands on me and it all started to be the typical teen mom drama to tell you the truth. i finaly stood up for my self and left him and had my own place and i was working. He would come by as he please and make my life hell and then i finaly put a stop to it and called the police on him because he almost hurt my daughter he got arested for disorderly conduct risk of injury to a minor 2x (me and my daughter) he is 20 by the way. he never was there for her in any way or bothered looking for her. his father bailed him out that same night and i was scared he was going to come back and do something to me and his family was also banging on my door yelling at me to leave. (by the way they were the ones who were telling me to call the cops on them becuase next time he'd do something they were not going to get involved)his aunt owned the apt building so she rented out the floors to family and she gave me a floor. i got scared and left to new york were a family i knew for a while offered to help. Well things started going bad becuase they did not like my daughter becuase she would wake up at 8 and i would have to cook and they would want to sleep in and since she is a baby she always likes to play run around she is a very happy baby full of energy. They ended up teling me over night i had to leave and i am currently staying at a freinds house. Im feeling very down about everything in my life becuase i feel like i tryed to do the right thing and protect me and my daughter and look were i ended up. I have been thinking about moving to brazil with my family but the whole process cost alot of money(her dad signd papers for me to take her) and then i think about it and all that money that will be going to waste ( 700=plane ticket 140=american passport 80=brazilian passport) i could do something with it get myself on my feet again but not here were i live move outa state try to start over again but then i am scared what if i do that and i end up in a big problem like this again in a place full of strangers? Or what if i go to brazil and things dont work out? Some people are telling me atleast i will have family but its just i want to go far in life im so determined to see myself with my own place a car a job living that life i once almost had before i called the police. So here i am stuck on not knowing what to do with no help =/ i was planing on going to florida becuase i herd they have so many good programs that can help you. just need some advice i tryed to cut it short and get to the piont a
and yhea i do stil talk with my family they are trying to help and do as much as they can. | Ask your family if they'd be willing to financially help you out with getting to Brazil. Family is an important thing to have when you're a struggling teen mom. I'm a teen myself, around your age, and i can't imagine being in your situation.
You make sure your ex pays guy support, that'll be important.
Whatever you do, keep planning your next move and always have things planned out and researched before you just throw you and your daughter into something. | Who are those groups of teen-aged brazilians that come to amusement parks in multicolored t-shirts? When i go to Orlando, Florida theme parks like Universal studios for example i always see a group of brazilian young adults in huge groups up to 20 people. each group has a different basic color t-shirt than the other. and sometimes they carry around flags the same colors.
I was waiting in a ride line and 1 of the ride workers even asked where 1 of them were from and they said brazil.
Who are these groups of guys? are they a school? a camp? | | hahahaha I have no idea. Maybe that's a kind of tourist group and maybe they wear those similar clothes to be easier identified among others. | World War III Scenario - any ideas for a High Definition Game? One of my friends is a Game programmer and he wants to build a HD game on possible World War III - (I know it doesn't sound good very cheerful but many young people in their teens enjoy playing such imaginary battle scenarios) - I have thought of the following alternatives; anyone can give better ideas?
1) USA, UK, Australia, Japan, Europe on one side versus North Korea, Iran, China, Russia, and Cuba. Remaining countries Neutral.
2) Collapse of Europe Scenario - It depicts European countries such as France, Italy, Spain and also Japan and Argentina have fallen to dictatorship and they join the enemies of the United States while the US wins new allies in Germany, Brazil, India.
3) The heated zones in battle being depicted are:
a) The Whole Middle East in thick of a nuclear event
b) India and Pakistan at nuke on disputed Kashmir region.
c) Israel vs. Egypt
d) China vs. USA - starting with economic sanctions and trade blocks
Please get me more ideas as I'm running out | It think this should be the scenario!
The events im going to describe i think would be cool(in the game, not in real life)!!
China, Russia, and Iran in 2010 make a pact. The pact is designed to keep the enemies at bay aswell as keep their economies strong. The pact then expands to other nations such as Estonia, Syria, Ukraine, Belarus, and much of Eastern Europe. Venezuela, and Bolivia, and Nicaragua. Cuba joins this pact but then backs out, because a coup has toppled communist rule after the death of Castro. And many S. E. Asian countries join it as well after violence over takes the region.
With the pact made, America feels threatened and a need to make allies is essential, the EU has fallen due to Eastern Europe joining the pact.
So America expands NATO to rival the pact. Countries like Germany, UK, Spain, Latin America, the Caribbean, Brazil, Australia, Italy, Israel, Argentina, Chile, and the Western European world. France decides to join Neutrality as well does the muslim countries of N. Africa, and Suadi Arabia, Jordan, Turkey, Lebanon, Yemen, Oman, and the U.A.E.
*WAR CAUSE: A Jihad has been declared to conquer the African continent. Muslim countries except the Saudis and Jordan refuse to enable it. In order to protect themselves from the Jihad, the Africans create the African Union, which allies itself with NATO.
The African Union is all of Southern Africa. Since the nation is poor and desperately holding off the Jihadists aided by the pact, NATO sends troops and funds too it and drives them back.
N. Korea gets nukes and wants to be united w/ S. Korea under comunist rule. So then they luanch and attack on the South. NATO responds quickly, but N. Korea allies itself with the pact, and the pact threatens war if NATO doesnt withdraw from the peninsula. NATO refuses, as a result a massive invasion force is luanched into Korea, the invasion also goes into Japan and the African Union. Over night a total war is declared.
*EARLY ON: this part is important, because the whole worlds cities just cant be vaporized. The mid eastern cities, except for Jerusalem and Mecca due to their religious importance, have been destroyed due to a nuke war.
NATO and the pact systematically destroy the others nuke sites.
The nuke threat is no longer valid.
*HOTSPOTS:
-South America is a divided front. Venezuela and Bolivia and Nicaragua leave short fought charges into the surrounding countries. Although the campaign is soon ended due to the fact that the 3 nations are engulfed by NATO.
- the Area surrounding Israel is is the hottest spot in the Mid East, the muslim nations surrounding it have luanched a full scale attack. Israel repelled it, but they arent making any progress.
-Pakistan and India and the spots around India are other hotspots.
The cites arent destroyed b/c India was covered with the Missile defense shield as was all other countries.
-Equatorial Africa is where the border of the African Union and other muslim countries is and massive armies of both sides realize the strategic importance of the continent and the front is heavily fought.
-Eastern Europe has a front going straight through the balkans and right up through Poland and Finland. The area is the hardest fought places of the campaign.
-Japanses skies are the 2nd deadliest front. S. Korea is barely holding on and Japanese skies are the other. The pact has made many attempts to invade Japan but all have failed.
-Indonesian Islands are the final front in the war. The pact is trying to make way into Australia but NATO has stopped them cold in the Indonesian Islands. The campaign for both sides is sloppy and uncoordinated due mainly to the geography of the region.
RESULT: NATO eventually gains control of the skies, leading to the bombing of the pact. The ground campaigns from Japan into China, Indonesia into Asia, and West EU into East EU are hard fought in the beginning but gradually become easier after NATO gains control of the skies. The cost of the war in lives and money is uncalcuable. But we all learn to live together in harmony unless some idiot messes it up! | American users, what do you think of the heart made with hands? media.onsugar.com/files/2010/10/4…
It all started with Justin Bieber (aargh), and spread - unfortunately - the world. Here in Brazil, it became a mania among the young. I think it's g a y, and you?
Metal God bless to all of us. Merry Christmas. \m/ \m/ | | I think it is gay.......stupid teenagers.... | Am I a Pedophile? ( long read)? I apologize for the long post but please bear with me.
Ever since I was little I have always been a very sexual guy. I remember staring at women and getting erections since the age of 5 and whatnot. I always thought it was my countries TV( I grew up in Brazil).
When I was about 5, I got curious and asked my 3-4 year-old female cousin to take off her clothes because I was a curious and stupid guy ( I didn't even know Vagina's existed). I didn't have the intention of doing anything besides looking and touching and I also had no clue what sex was, also my mother walked in and I cried and was embarrassed.
Later when I was 14-15, I was in Brazil , visiting and I ended up very alone and isolated since I had not been in the country for a long time. Long story short I felt my 13 year old cousin's breast (she took it as a joke and play) and considered going through her underwear drawer. I also at one point had sexual thoughts about one of my aunts...
Later when I was 17-18, I had a fetish for petite women, still do, and I was on a image board and got linked to a site with teen models. Non nude pictures of teenage models. I masturbated to girls as young as 13. I realized it was wrong and have not done it since then. I have a steady girl friend and we have discussed this and she says that I'm different person and although I believe that, I feel immense guilt and shame.
I just want to know if I was just being impulsive or if I'm messed up or whatever. I despise pedophiles, they harm the defenseless and can cause those who they harm to perpetrate on others. I'd hate to be one of them... | Checking out your cousin when you were 5 is just natural curiosity, they use to call it playing doctor, I am going to get flamed for saying this but I think it is a natural thing for guys to do. I cannot imagine a time in history where it would not have happened between boys and girls. Again feeling up your 13 yr old cousin may not be something you want to put on your business card but I doubt any harm done to either of you. ( some sobbing drama queens gonna make her appearance to counter that one, you just watch)
Girls attractiveness starts to show to Men when they are around 13-14 if any heterosexual man says different he is a liar, History is filled with teenage wives. None the less it is frowned upon and against the law to act on these impulses so you might watch yourself on that one.
Your pretty normal by my standards sexually so I would imagine your depression and anxiety stems from something else but I think your guilt is genuine, even though you have nothing to feel guilty for. | What is the best idea in your opinion? These are some concepts about radio shows.
Please tell me which do you like best.
1. "True music" is my concept of Radio.In most of Radios you listen only one type of music,most of the songs being awful.In mine,you can listen from rock to slow songs.All of them being selected.
2. 'Street Sounds' is a vibrant radio showcase of street music around the world. From Carnival Music in Brazil to Hip-Hop in New york, we find out whats new, where its at, and who's playing it.'
3. This is what gives me the inspiration to produce a radio show called "Modern Sounds," that incorporates hip and energetic music from the new and upcoming generation that we are all fond of. My focus point on the music genre, is generally indie-rock, r&b, a little bit of hip hop, dance, pop pock, and house music. These popular genres of music that are mostly loved by young generations such as myself will give the public a eye an awakening of "Modern Sounds," and what's more to come in the long run!
4. I have an idea for a show called "comedy face off" I want to invite 5 local comedians and each one of them has to put together a five minute program which will be broadcast on the radio.
Then the audience can vote for who they thought was funniest. The winner than has the possibility to have a longer program broadcast on the radio. I hope this will make people laugh and the possibility to be heard for unknown comedians.
5. hip hop is an inspiration everyone want to dance it and hear it its great for parties and listening to music with your friens that why movinwild 94.7 needs this to make people happier with some music and laughs from our greaters staff who is always in the mood and making everyone laugh that why you have to choose the greates radio movinwild 94.7 thanks (:
6. Generation FM is not just a radio station, but an immersive experience into the the different music genres throughout the decades. Sundays will play smooth jazz of the 20s. Mondays bring the fun swing music of the 30s and 40s. 50s Rock-n-Roll will be played on Tuesdays. Wednesdays will be all 60s with the music of the counter-culture, motown, and the British Invasion. Thursdays will bring the disco music and early progressive rock of the 70s. The 80s will be featured on Fridays with glam rock, metal, pop, and punk. Saturdays will play the hip-hop, grunge, and teen pop hits of the 90s. Features will include "This Day in History" and lingo of that time period.
7. As a dedicated music fanatic my concept is called beat fm. If your looking for the hottest sounds then this is the station for you. Featuring all the songs you love to sing and dance to. No ballads or easy listening here. Its all about the beat, the lyrics and the love of music. Beat fm, nothing beats it. | I really like idea number 6. I like a variety of music and have a number of presets on my radio for each variety. You propose all that variety on one station. I think that will keep people coming back regularly.
Hope all things work out. Thanks for the interesting question. |
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